• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Apparatus for cutting heavy material to be cut, in particular of trees, with a gripper and cutting mechanism which can be fastened by means of a fastening element (8) to the extension arm (9) of a working machine (10), wherein a slewing gear (8) and the gripper and cutting mechanism 7) is arranged with a hydraulic drive (12) for generating a torque on the gripping and cutting mechanism about an axis of rotation (D) of the slewing gear (7). In this case, it is proposed that an inclination sensor is arranged on the fastening element (8), which is connected to the hydraulic drive (12) via a control circuit, wherein the control circuit controls the hydraulic drive (12) as a function of the inclination angle of the axis of rotation (D) for the vertical direction ) switches from a first lower torque operating mode to a second higher torque operating mode. In this way, the torque provided by the slewing gear (7) for the pivoting of the gripper and cutting unit and the undiminished recorded in the course of the folding of heavy cuttings torque is increased.
    公开号:AT516408A4
    申请号:T50458/2015
    申请日:2015-06-05
    公开日:2016-05-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Steininger Werner；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a device for cutting heavy material to be cut, in particular of trees, with a gripping and cutting, which can be fastened by means of a fastener on the boom of a machine, between the fastener and the gripper and cutting a slewing with a hydraulic drive for generating a torque is arranged on the gripping and cutting mechanism about a rotational axis of the slewing gear, according to the preamble of claim 1.
    In the wood industry and forestry, for example, large machines are used for cutting trees, which are provided on a cantilever arm with a gripper and cutting unit, with the help of which they can embrace and sever tree trunks. The boom arm has hydraulic actuators that allow the boom to be moved. The gripper and cutting unit has a gripper, the gripping arms can be opened and closed with other hydraulic actuators, with optionally an additional collecting gripper can be provided, which can also be opened and closed hydraulically. The gripper and cutting unit also has a cutting unit, which accomplishes the cutting process with additional hydraulic adjusting elements. The cutting unit can be embodied in the form of a rocker which is movable relative to an abutment with an insert mounted thereon and makes it possible to sever the gripped tree trunks. Subsequently, the cantilever arm, in cooperation with the slewing gear, can either put the tree aside or feed it to a machine for comminution or further processing.
    If a tree trunk is included, then the gripper and cutting unit is oriented with a substantially vertical pivot axis of the gripper and the cutting unit. The axis of rotation of the slewing gear is oriented substantially horizontally. When placing a severed log, the slewing gear is operated by means of hydraulic drives so that the gripper and cutter, which holds the log immediately after severing in a substantially vertical orientation, pivots to a position in which the severed log substantially horizontally aligned is and can be stored on the ground. If the slewing gear is positioned in such a way that its axis of rotation is oriented horizontally, high torques act on the slewing gear and its hydraulic drives in this process.
    Strong loads of the slewing gear and its hydraulic drive can therefore not be avoided in practice. In order to prevent damage to the slewing gear, its hydraulic drive and the drive mechanism connecting it, therefore, a pressure limiting valve is provided in the hydraulic circuit, which always opens when a maximum pressure in the hydraulic circuit is exceeded. This maximum pressure is usually set comparatively low, however, to prevent the aforementioned damage, so that the maximum torques that can exert and record the slewing on the gripping and cutting, are limited accordingly. A larger dimensioning of the hydraulic drive is in turn because of the larger
    Weight and the required larger volume of hydraulic fluid due to the required mobility of the device is not practical.
    It is therefore the object of the invention to increase the torque provided by the slewing gear for pivoting the gripping and cutting unit and the undiminished recorded in the course of moving heavy clippings torque in a simple and practical for mobile use manner.
    This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Claim 1 refers to a device for cutting heavy clippings, especially trees, with a gripping and cutting, which can be fastened by means of a fastener on the boom of a machine, between the fastener and the gripper and cutting a slewing with a hydraulic drive for generating a torque on the gripping and cutting mechanism is arranged about a rotational axis of the slewing gear. According to the invention it is proposed that an inclination sensor is arranged on the fastening element, which is connected via a control circuit to the hydraulic drive, wherein the control circuit in dependence on the determined by the inclination sensor inclination angle of the axis of rotation to the vertical direction of the hydraulic drive from a first operating mode with lower torque in a second Operating mode with higher torque switches. According to the invention, at least two modes of operation are thus realized, in which the slewing gear in each case exerts different torques on the gripping and cutting mechanism and thus can also absorb different maximum torque loads in each case. The switching between the operating modes is carried out automatically by means of an inclination sensor, which determines the inclination angle of the rotational axis of the slewing to the vertical direction or at least detects the exceeding or falling below a predetermined critical angle. The inclination sensor can be designed as a tilt switch, for example, which always generates a control signal when a predetermined threshold angle is exceeded or fallen below. If the slewing gear is positioned by means of the boom so that its axis of rotation is horizontal, such as cutting a log, the tilt sensor detects this positioning and switches the hydraulic drive in the second operating mode with higher torque. This positioning of the slewing gear is critical in that when the slewing gear is turned over to transfer the tree trunk, a high torque acts on the slewing gear and its hydraulic drive. This torque can be reduced by simultaneously pivoting the slewing gear by means of the cantilever arm by changing the axis of rotation from its original horizontal position to a vertical position. As soon as the inclination sensor detects an inclination angle which falls below a predefined limiting angle, the system switches to a first operating mode in which the hydraulic drive exerts a lower torque. In certain embodiments, such an operating mode is also associated with a higher actuating speed, so that this operating mode is also referred to below as rapid traverse, as will be described in more detail below. Once the severed log has been stored and the slewing is pivoted by means of the boom again so that its axis of rotation is moved in the horizontal direction, the tilt sensor automatically switches the hydraulic drive back to the second operating mode as soon as the tilt sensor detects an inclination angle of the axis of rotation to the direction that exceeds a predetermined limit angle. Although it will continue to be provided a pressure relief valve, but which can now be set to a higher maximum pressure in the hydraulic circuit.
    Preferably, the hydraulic drive comprises at least two hydraulic motors, wherein in a first operating mode only one of the at least two hydraulic motors is activated, and in a second operating mode at least two hydraulic motors. The inclination sensor thus causes the connection and disconnection of a second hydraulic circuit by means of a hydraulic control circuit. With the aid of a second hydraulic motor, the torque of the slewing gear can thus be increased, usually doubled.
    To reduce the structural complexity can alternatively also be provided that the hydraulic drive comprises at least two hydraulic motors, wherein in a first operating mode, the hydraulic motors are connected in series and are connected in parallel in a second operating mode. Thus, two hydraulic motors always act on the slewing gear, but generate different torques. In parallel operation, the hydraulic motors generate high torque at half speed because the hydraulic fluid is split between two hydraulic motors. In series connection, on the other hand, in comparison with the parallel connection, half the torque results at twice the actuating speed of the hydraulic motors.
    A concrete embodiment provides, for example, that the slewing gear comprises a turntable, and the at least two hydraulic motors are arranged in the peripheral region of the turntable and each have a worm gear which meshes with the turntable. In this case, it would also be conceivable in principle for hydraulic cylinders to be used instead of hydraulic motors, which mesh with the turntable, for example, via a toothed rack. If in the present description of hydraulic motors is mentioned so hydraulic cylinders are also included.
    The invention will be explained in more detail by means of embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures. It show here the
    1 is an exploded view of an embodiment of a gripping and cutting unit according to the prior art,
    1 with closed grippers, closed collecting gripper and closed cutting mechanism, FIG. 2 shows the gripping and cutting mechanism according to FIG.
    2 with open grippers, opened collecting gripper and opened cutting mechanism, FIG. 3 shows the gripping and cutting mechanism according to FIG.
    Fig. 4 shows a working machine with boom and a gripping and cutting unit attached thereto in a positioning of the slewing gear, in which the inclination sensor switches the Flydraulikan drive in a second operating mode with higher torque, and the
    5 shows a work machine with a boom arm and a gripping and cutting mechanism attached thereto in a positioning of the slewing gear in which the tilt sensor switches the fly hydraulic drive into a first operating mode with a lower torque.
    On the basis of Fig. 1 structure and function of a rotating mechanism with attached gripping and cutting are first explained. At a central part 1 of a gripping and cutting a gripper 2 is fixed, the gripper arms can be hydraulically closed and opened. For reasons of clarity, the hydraulic lines are not shown. Furthermore, a cutting unit 3 is attached to the middle part 1, which accomplishes the cutting process with additional hydraulic actuators. In the embodiment shown, the cutting unit 3 is designed in the form of a relative to an abutment hydraulically moving rocker 4 with an attached cutting plate 5, which cuts through the detected tree trunk. Optionally, an additional collecting gripper 6 can also be provided, which can also be hydraulically opened and closed. The operation of said hydraulic elements takes place via a control cock 11 of a working machine 10, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 can be seen.
    The middle part 1 is mounted via a slewing gear 7 on a fastening element 8, via which the gripping and cutting unit can be attached to a boom 9 of the working machine 10. The movements of the extension arm 9 are thus transmitted via the fastening element 8, which is also referred to as a receiving stand, directly to the gripper and cutting unit. About the slewing gear 7, however, a rotational movement of the gripping and cutting unit can be accomplished relative to the boom 9. For this purpose, a hydraulic drive 12 is provided, which is designed in the embodiment of FIG. 1 as a hydraulic motor, which is arranged in the peripheral region of a turntable of the slewing gear 7 and has a worm gear, which meshes with the turntable.
    2 shows the gripping and cutting mechanism according to FIG. 1 with closed grippers 2, closed collecting gripper 6 and closed cutting mechanism 3. FIG. 3 shows the gripping and cutting mechanism according to FIG. 2 with grippers 2 open, collecting gripper 6 open and open cutter 3.
    The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. 4 shows that configuration in which a tree trunk, not shown in FIG. 4, is included, the gripping and cutting unit being oriented with a substantially vertical pivot axis of the gripper 2 and of the cutting unit 3. The axis of rotation D of the slewing gear 7 is oriented substantially horizontally. By hydraulic actuation of the cutting unit 3, the tree trunk is severed and held by the gripper 2 in a substantially vertical orientation. When placing the severed log the slewing gear 7 is operated so that the gripper and cutting unit is pivoted to a position in which the severed tree trunk is aligned substantially horizontally and can be stored on the ground. If the slewing gear 7 is positioned so that its axis of rotation D is oriented horizontally, as will be the case when cutting a tree trunk, high torques act on the slewing gear 7 and its Flydraulikan drive 12. These torques can be reduced by the folding of the Tree trunk, the slewing gear 7 is pivoted by means of the cantilever arm 9 so that its axis of rotation D is oriented vertically, as shown in FIG. 5 can be seen, since in this case the forces acting due to the dead weight of the severed tree trunk forces substantially from the fastener 8 and the boom 9 are recorded.
    Of course, in practice a load-optimized control of the boom 9 and the slewing gear 7 is not always possible. Therefore, a tilt switch is arranged on the fastener 8, which is connected via a control circuit to the Flydraulikanantrieb 12, wherein the control circuit in dependence on the determined by the tilt switch inclination angle of the rotation axis D to the direction of the Flydraulikantrieb 12 from a first operating mode with lower torque in a second operating mode Switches with higher torque. The slewing gear 7 thus has a second operating mode in which it exerts higher torques on the gripper and cutter and thus can also accommodate higher maximum torque loads. The inclination switch determines the inclination angle of the axis of rotation D of the rotating mechanism 7 to the direction of the solder or detects at least the exceeding or falling below a predetermined critical angle.
    If the slewing gear 7 is positioned by means of the boom 9 so that its axis of rotation D is horizontal, such as when cutting a log according to FIG. 4, the tilt switch detects this positioning and switches the hydraulic drive 12 in the second operating mode with higher torque. As soon as the inclination switch detects an inclination angle which falls below a predefined limit angle, the system switches to a first operating mode in which the hydraulic drive 12 exerts a lower torque.
    The hydraulic implementation of the two operating modes can be done in different ways. The power P delivered by the hydraulic motor is basically directly proportional to the displacement V, the speed n and the pressure gradient Δρ. Under swallow volume or
    In the case of hydraulic motors, the amount of hydraulic fluid that is consumed by the hydraulic motor per revolution is the amount of fluid that is swallowed. The product of the supplied volume flow Qan hydraulic fluid and the displacement volume results in the speed n. The volume flow Q is the volume of hydraulic fluid that moves through a cross-section within a unit of time. The pressure gradient Δρ is the difference between the pressure of the incoming hydraulic fluid, which usually corresponds to the pump pressure of the hydraulic pump, and the pressure of the hydraulic fluid flowing out. This pressure gradient Δρ is also referred to below as system pressure. It follows that the speed n of the hydraulic motor and thus of the worm gear which drives the slewing ring of the slewing gear 7 is essentially determined by the volume flow Q of the hydraulic fluid, and the power P of the hydraulic motor and thus the torque exerted on the slewing ring 7 by the system pressure Δρ the hydraulics.
    A simple implementation can therefore provide that the hydraulic drive 12 comprises two hydraulic motors, wherein in a first operating mode only one of the two hydraulic motors is activated, and in a second operating mode both hydraulic motors. The tilt switch thus causes by means of the hydraulic control circuit, the connection and disconnection of a second hydraulic circuit. By means of the second hydraulic motor, the torque of the slewing gear 7 can thus be doubled in the rule.
    Alternatively, however, it could also be provided that the hydraulic drive 12 comprises two hydraulic motors, which are connected in series in a first operating mode and are connected in parallel in a second operating mode. In parallel operation, the two hydraulic motors generate with the same design a double torque at half speed, since the flow Q is divided into two hydraulic motors and the speed n of the respective hydraulic motor and thus the worm drive, which drives the slewing ring of the slewing gear 7, halved, in series On the other hand, in comparison with parallel operation, half the torque results at twice the actuating speed of the hydraulic motors.
    In this way, in a simple and practical for a mobile way the provided by the slewing gear 7 for the pivoting of the gripper and cutter and the undetected recorded in the course of moving heavy clippings torque depending on the inclination angle of the rotation axis D of the slewing gear 7 changed to the vertical direction become. The changeover of the hydraulics to the respective load situation takes place automatically with the aid of the tilt switch.
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    1. Apparatus for cutting heavy clippings, in particular of trees, with a gripping and cutting mechanism, which by means of a fastening element (8) on the boom arm (9) of a working machine (10) can be fastened, wherein between the fastening element (8) and the gripper and cutting unit a slewing gear (7) with a hydraulic drive (12) for generating a torque on the gripper and cutting unit about a rotation axis (D) of the slewing gear (7) is arranged, characterized in that the fastening element (8) Tilt sensor is arranged, which is connected via a control circuit to the hydraulic drive (12), wherein the control circuit in dependence on the determined by the inclination sensor inclination angle of the rotation axis (D) to the direction of the hydraulic drive (12) from a first operating mode with lower torque in a second Operating mode with higher torque switches.
    [2]
    2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic drive (12) comprises at least two hydraulic motors, wherein in a first operating mode, only one of the at least two hydraulic motors is activated, and in a second operating mode at least two hydraulic motors.
    [3]
    3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic drive (12) comprises at least two hydraulic motors, wherein in a first operating mode, the hydraulic motors are connected in series and are connected in parallel in a second operating mode.
    [4]
    4. Apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the slewing gear (7) comprises a turntable, and the at least two hydraulic motors are arranged in the peripheral region of the turntable and each having a worm gear, which meshes with the turntable.
    [5]
    5. work machine (10) with a boom (9) and a boom on the arm (9) attached device according to one of claims 1 to 4.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102016208839A1|2016-12-08|
    DE102016208839B4|2019-04-11|
    AT516408B1|2016-05-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US6123124A|1998-07-09|2000-09-26|Naud; Jean-Yves|Tree felling head|
    WO2011046535A1|2009-10-12|2011-04-21|Deere And Company|Load sense hydraulic pump alignment|
    US20110132495A1|2009-12-09|2011-06-09|Jacques Lajoie|Tree felling head|
    EP2719274A1|2012-10-10|2014-04-16|Deere & Company|Method and apparatus for controlling a timber-working device|
    WO2015021400A1|2013-08-08|2015-02-12|Parker-Hannifin Corporation|Hydraulic hybrid swing drive system for excavators|
    AT518139B1|2016-01-11|2017-10-15|Werner Steininger|Device for processing agricultural and forestry clippings|
    CA2941877A1|2016-09-14|2018-03-14|Robert Lachance|Tree shear head assembly|
    EP3771332A1|2019-08-02|2021-02-03|Deere & Company|A timber working device and a method for controlling a timber working device and a working vehicle|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50458/2015A|AT516408B1|2015-06-05|2015-06-05|Device for cutting heavy clippings|ATA50458/2015A| AT516408B1|2015-06-05|2015-06-05|Device for cutting heavy clippings|
    DE102016208839.4A| DE102016208839B4|2015-06-05|2016-05-23|Device for cutting heavy clippings|
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